Mexico

country's climate policy

The national framework is based on a set of legal and programmatic instruments that link international commitments with public action. The General Climate Change Law (Ley General de Cambio Climático – LGCC) constitutes the normative basis of this policy by defining institutional competencies as well as coordination mechanisms between the different levels of government, notably through the National Climate Change System (SINACC) and the Interministerial Commission on Climate Change (CICC) (Heredia & Corral, 2023).

Within this framework, the National Climate Change Strategy (Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático – ENCC) sets out the medium and long-term strategic directions, while the Special Programme on Climate Change (Programa Especial de Cambio Climático – PECC) 2026–2030 translates these directions into objectives, strategies and concrete actions aimed at strengthening adaptation, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing the resilience of social, economic and ecological systems (SEMARNAT, 2026).

These instruments are part of Mexico's commitments under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Paris Agreement. NDC 3.0 outlines national mitigation and adaptation targets for 2035 and is one of the key instruments through which the country formalizes its international climate commitments (SEMARNAT, 2025).

• Heredia, M., & Corral, B. (2023). Climate governance and federalism in Mexico. In A. Fenna, S. Jodoin, & J. Setzer (Eds.), Climate governance and federalism (pp. 218–240). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009249676.012
• Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales [SEMARNAT]. (2025). Actualización de la Contribución Determinada a nivel Nacional 3.0 de México. Gobierno de México.
• Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales [SEMARNAT]. (2026). Special Climate Change Program 2026–2030. Gobierno de México.

National climate policy timeline

The instruments studied in Mexico